Excavators consist of several key components that work together to perform tasks effectively:
- Cabin: The operator’s cabin is where the operator controls the excavator. It provides a comfortable and protected working environment, equipped with controls, pedals, and a seat.
- Boom, Arm, and Bucket: The excavator’s arm is attached to the boom, which is mounted on a rotating platform called the house. At the end of the arm, there is a bucket or other attachment, such as a breaker or grapple, used for various tasks.
- Hydraulic System: Excavators use a hydraulic system to power their movements. Hydraulic pumps generate high-pressure oil flow, which is distributed through hoses and control valves to the cylinders and motors that move the excavator’s components.
- Tracks or Wheels: Excavators can have either tracks or wheels for mobility. Tracks provide stability and traction on challenging terrains, while wheeled excavators offer higher speed and maneuverability on smoother surfaces.